How to Sew Facings for a Clean Finish

You’ll transform your garment from amateurish to polished by mastering facings—the invisible structural backbone that conceals raw edges and prevents stretching or fraying. Start by selecting the right facing type: shaped facings for curved necklines, bias facings for delicate fabrics, or all-in-one facings for sleeveless designs. Apply interfacing to match your fabric weight, then attach with right sides together using precise 1/4-inch seam allowances. Clip curves, grade seam allowances, and understitch to anchor layers. Press carefully for a flat, professional finish that remains hidden when worn. The techniques that elevate your sewing await further exploration.

Key Takeaways

• Use shaped or bias facings appropriate to your garment’s neckline and armhole curves for a professional, polished appearance.
• Apply interfacing to facing pieces matching your fabric weight to prevent bulk and ensure proper edge stabilization.
• Stitch facings with right sides together using precise 1/4-inch seam allowances, clipping curves to eliminate puckering.
• Grade seam allowances by trimming facing narrower than garment by 1/4 inch to reduce bulk in curved areas.
• Understitch facing to seam allowances 1/8 inch below the edge to prevent rolling and maintain a clean finish.

What Are Facings and Why They Matter

Facings—fabric pieces sewn to garment edges like necklines and armholes—serve as a foundational finishing technique that conceals raw edges while establishing a polished, professional appearance.

You’ll find them essential for maintaining your garment’s structural integrity over time. Facings prevent stretching and fraying, ensuring your finish remains clean and durable through repeated wear and washing.

You can construct facings from the same fabric as your garment or choose a lighter weight alternative for ideal results. This flexibility allows you to achieve a refined exterior while managing bulk at seams.

Construct facings from matching or lighter weight fabric to achieve a refined exterior while managing bulk at seams.

Different facing types—shaped, bias, and all-in-one—address specific design requirements and garment styles.

When you apply facings properly, you’re investing in overall quality and aesthetics. This technique distinguishes professionally constructed garments from amateur work, making it indispensable in quality garment construction.

Shaped, Bias, and All-in-One Facings Explained

Now that you understand how facings function as a foundational finishing technique, you’ll benefit from learning how different facing types address specific design challenges.

You’ll encounter three primary facing options:

• Shaped facings conform precisely to your garment’s contours, delivering polished necklines and armholes.
• Bias facings stretch gracefully along curves, protecting delicate fabrics from distortion.
• All-in-one facings unite neckline and armhole in one seamless piece, eliminating sagging concerns.
• Interfacing reinforcement prevents edge distortion, maintaining crisp definition throughout wear.
• Professional aesthetics transform raw edges into refined internal finishes that showcase quality craftsmanship.

You’ll apply interfacing to shaped or bias facings for structural integrity.

All-in-one facings prove particularly effective for sleeveless designs, creating continuous stability.

Each option provides distinct advantages: shaped facings match your garment’s geometry precisely, bias facings accommodate complex curves, and all-in-one facings streamline construction while ensuring durability.

Choose the Right Facing for Your Garment Type

The right facing choice depends on your garment’s design and construction needs.

For curved necklines and armholes, you’ll want a shaped facing that fits snugly and prevents fabric distortion. If you’re working with tight curves, bias facings offer superior flexibility and conform better to the garment’s edges.

Sleeveless designs benefit from all-in-one facings, which streamline construction by finishing both neckline and armhole in a single piece. Extended facings work well when you’re integrating the facing directly into your garment for a seamless look.

You’ll also need to assess your fabric’s weight and drape. Lightweight fabrics require lightweight facing options to avoid bulk.

Matching your facing choice to both your garment type and fabric characteristics guarantees a professional, polished finish.

How Neckline Shapes Change Your Approach

You’ll find that round and scoop necklines offer flexibility in facing options, allowing you to choose between shaped or bias facings while managing seam allowances through strategic clipping.

V-neck and square necklines demand more precision work, requiring you to stitch carefully to focal points and clip corners deliberately to maintain structural integrity.

Each neckline shape calls for distinct techniques that fundamentally alter how you’ll approach facing application and finishing.

Round and Scoop Necklines

Curved necklines—whether round or scooped—demand a slightly different finishing approach than their straight-edged counterparts, primarily because their contours require careful handling to prevent stretching and puckering.

You’ll want to prioritize these essential techniques:

• Staystitch your garment’s raw edge immediately to stabilize the neckline fabric.
• Clip seam allowances strategically around curves for smooth, pucker-free results.
• Apply interfacing to your facing for enhanced structure and durability.
• Cut shaped or bias facings that mirror your neckline’s exact curve.
• Understitch consistently to keep your facing rolled securely inside.

Both round and scoop necklines benefit tremendously from shaped or bias facings cut to match their curvature precisely.

The interfacing reinforces your facing, preventing sagging while maintaining a polished appearance. Understitching guarantees your facing stays anchored internally, delivering that professional finish you’re seeking.

V-Neck and Square Necklines

V-neck and square necklines demand distinctly different handling strategies than their curved counterparts, requiring you to shift your approach based on each shape’s angular characteristics. For V-necklines, you’ll staystitch along curved edges to prevent stretching, then carefully clip seam allowances up to the point without cutting threads. Square necklines require shaped facings mirroring angled edges; clip corners precisely to avoid fraying.

You’ll find that understitched facings help both styles lay flat and maintain crisp definition. Selecting appropriate interfacing and facing fabric proves essential—they provide necessary support while preserving your garment’s intended drape and aesthetic appeal.

Get Your Tools Ready

Before diving into your facing project, gather the foundational supplies that’ll make the process smooth and precise. You’ll need quality fabric, a reliable sewing machine, matching thread, pins, scissors, and a measuring tape for accurate dimensions. Consider fusible interfacing to reinforce your facings and guarantee professional structure.

Beyond basics, equip yourself with:

• A ruler and chalk or pen for marking precise seam allowances
• A French curve ruler for tracing smooth, curved armholes and necklines
• An organized workspace with all materials accessible
• An iron for pressing seams throughout construction
• Proper lighting to see your work clearly

Preparing your workspace strategically streamlines your entire sewing process. Press seams consistently as you progress, ensuring polished results.

This methodical approach eliminates frustration and produces facings with a clean, professional finish every time.

Cut Facing Pieces Accurately

Three key principles’ll guarantee your facing pieces align perfectly with your garment edges: you’ll use accurate patterns or tracing methods, select appropriate fabric weight, and incorporate precise seam allowances.

Start by laying your pattern pieces directly on your fabric, securing them firmly to prevent shifting. Cut facing components using sharp scissors or a rotary cutter for clean edges. Remember that a 1/4-inch seam allowance is standard for facings, so factor this into your cutting dimensions before you begin.

Secure pattern pieces firmly on fabric and cut with sharp scissors or rotary cutter, accounting for standard 1/4-inch seam allowances.

For curved edges, employ a French curve ruler to trace smooth transitions that prevent puckering. Match your facing fabric weight to your garment—avoid heavier materials that create bulk.

Use pattern notches as alignment guides throughout your cutting process, ensuring consistency and accuracy across all facing sections.

Apply Interfacing for Structure

To achieve a structured facing that supports your garment edge, you’ll need to select interfacing weight that matches your fabric’s weight and drape characteristics.

You’ll apply the interfacing using precise heat and pressure settings specific to your chosen fusible type, ensuring it bonds only to the facing layer to minimize bulk.

You’ll stabilize different fabric weights—from delicate silks to heavyweight wools—by adjusting your interfacing selection and application method accordingly.

Choosing the Right Interfacing

Selecting the appropriate fusible interfacing is essential to achieving a professional-looking facing. You’ll want to match the interfacing weight to your fabric’s weight, guaranteeing adequate support without creating bulk that compromises your garment’s drape and comfort.

Consider these critical factors when choosing interfacing:

• Weight compatibility – prevents stiffness and maintains fabric flexibility
• Fiber content – guarantees proper fusing and longevity through wear and washing
• Adhesive quality – assures a permanent bond that won’t separate
• Fabric type alignment – matches natural and synthetic materials appropriately
• Seam allowance durability – reinforces edges for a clean finish that resists fraying

Proper interfacing selection directly impacts your facing’s performance, preventing gaping and maintaining structural integrity throughout your garment’s lifespan.

Proper Application Techniques

Now that you’ve selected the right interfacing for your project, proper application guarantees your facing delivers the support and structure you need.

Cut your interfacing to match your facing pieces exactly, securing ideal reinforcement. Apply interfacing to the facing’s wrong side using a 1/4-inch seam allowance along the outer edge. This positioning properly stabilizes neckline and armhole edges.

Before fusing, finger-press seam allowances open for a crisp foundation. When working with curves, clip into the seam allowances strategically to prevent puckering during turning, creating smooth shifts that enhance your professional appearance.

Stabilizing Different Fabric Types

Different fabric weights require tailored interfacing approaches to prevent distortion and stretching along garment edges. You’ll achieve superior results by applying fusible interfacing that matches your fabric’s weight and drape characteristics.

When stabilizing various fabrics, you should:

• Select lightweight interfacing for delicate materials to maintain garment fluidity
• Use medium-weight interfacing for standard cotton and blends for optimal support
• Apply heavyweight interfacing to prevent edge distortion in stretch fabrics
• Cut interfacing precisely to match your facing dimensions for seamless integration
• Finger-press after fusing to guarantee complete adhesion before construction

You’ll join interfacing and facing pieces using a 1/4-inch seam allowance, creating a unified layer. This approach prevents puckering and guarantees professional garment edges regardless of fabric composition.

Proper interfacing selection directly impacts your facing’s structural integrity and final appearance.

Finish Raw Edges of Facing Pieces

Prevent fraying and extend the lifespan of your facing edges by finishing their raw edges with a serger or zigzag stitch. For lightweight fabrics, you’ll benefit from a three- or four-thread overlock stitch, which provides quick and efficient finishing.

Trim your seam allowances to varying widths to reduce bulk and achieve smooth connections. Clip or notch curved seam allowances so fabric lays flat when you turn the facing inward. Finally, press the seams to set them permanently, eliminating wrinkles and ensuring a polished, professional appearance on your garment.

Pin Facings to Your Garment Correctly

With your facing edges finished and seams pressed, you’re ready to attach the facing to the garment. Align the raw edges with right sides together, matching notches and seam allowances precisely for accurate pinning.

Pin the garment strategically, spacing pins approximately every 3-4 inches along the seam line. Insert each pin at a 90-degree angle to facilitate easier removal during stitching. This technique prevents fabric distortion and maintains alignment throughout the sewing process.

Double-check that your facing fits smoothly around all curves and corners:

• Eliminates frustrating puckering and bunching
• Prevents visible tucks that compromise your garment’s appearance
• Guarantees professional-quality construction
• Reduces rework and seam corrections
• Builds confidence in your sewing skills

For curved areas, consider hand basting before machine stitching to maintain positioning.

This additional security step assures the facing remains stable during final construction.

Sew Facings Along the Seamline

You’ll align your facing to the garment with right sides together, matching raw edges and pattern notches for precise positioning.

Stitch along the designated seamline using a 1/4-inch seam allowance, then press the seam allowances toward the facing to create a crisp edge.

Finally, you’ll understitch 1/8 inch from the seamline and clip curved seam allowances to secure the facing and prevent puckering when turned inside.

Aligning Facing to Garment

Three essential steps guarantee proper facing alignment: positioning right sides together, matching raw edges precisely along the seamline, and securing everything with strategic pins at notches and corners.

You’ll establish a professional neckline by maintaining meticulous alignment throughout the facing process. Pin the facing securely to prevent shifting during stitching, particularly at critical points where precision matters most.

Your success depends on:

• Matching raw edges exactly along the seamline for a polished appearance
• Positioning right sides together to confirm proper fabric orientation
• Securing pins strategically at notches and corners for stability
• Maintaining consistent seam allowance between 1/4 to 5/8 inch
• Preventing fabric shifting that compromises your finished garment

You’ll achieve crisp results by respecting these alignment principles. The facing’s proper positioning directly impacts how cleanly your neckline turns and sits, making careful alignment non-negotiable for professional outcomes.

Stitching the Seamline

Now that you’ve positioned and pinned your facing in place, it’s time to sew along the seamline. Use a consistent 1/4-inch seam allowance to stitch from the neckline or armhole along the designated seamline, securing the facing to your garment.

Maintain steady, even stitching throughout, paying particular attention to curved edges where you’ll need gentle curves to prevent puckering. For armhole and neckline curves, take smaller stitches and stitch slowly to guarantee accuracy.

Once you’ve completed the seamline, backstitch at both ends for reinforcement. Afterward, press the seam open with an iron to help your facing lay flat and achieve that polished, professional finish you’re aiming for.

Securing Seam Allowances

To achieve a polished facing finish, align the facing with the garment’s raw edges, positioning right sides together before stitching. Use a seam allowance of 1/4 to 1/2 inch, adjusting based on your project requirements. This spacing secures the facing while providing adequate fabric for trimming and grading.

After you stitch the facing along the seamline, clip curves and notch corners to eliminate excess bulk. These cuts allow fabric to lay flat and smooth.

Next, press the seams flat, starting from the facing side before turning it inward.

The critical finishing steps include:

• Clipping curves for seamless shifts
• Notching corners to reduce thickness
• Grading seam allowances strategically
• Pressing flat for crisp definition
• Understitching to prevent rolling outward

These techniques guarantee professional results every time.

Grade Seam Allowances to Reduce Bulk

Trimming seam allowances to graduated widths is essential for achieving a polished, professional finish on your facings. When you grade the seam allowances at necklines and armholes, you’ll reduce bulk considerably, preventing unsightly ridges along your garment’s edges.

Start by using sharp fabric scissors to trim the facing seam allowance narrower than the garment seam allowance, typically by one-quarter inch. For curved seams, trim the inner allowance even narrower to help fabric lie flat without puckering.

Grade seam allowances before turning your facing right side out—this timing guarantees smoother changes and easier handling. Consistent grading across all facing seams contributes to both comfort and visual appeal, delivering the clean finish you’re aiming for.

Clip Curves and Notch Corners

You’ll use curved edge clipping techniques to eliminate puckering and guarantee smooth, flat seams along necklines and armholes.

For corners, you’ll employ notching—making V-shaped cuts into seam allowances—to reduce bulk and create crisp, well-defined edges.

Both techniques require precision: clip or notch close to the stitching line without cutting through it, maintaining seam integrity throughout your facing application.

Curved Edge Clipping Techniques

Two essential techniques—clipping curves and notching corners—ensure your facings lay flat and your finished edges remain crisp and professional.

When working with curved areas, you’ll clip the seam allowance at 1-inch intervals, spacing cuts no deeper than 1/4 inch to prevent puckering. This prevents fabric bunching and allows smooth shifts. For notches into the seam allowance, cut triangular shapes in angled sections to eliminate bulk and reduce distortion.

• Achieve seamless curves that enhance garment drape
• Eliminate unsightly puckers that compromise fit
• Create sharp, defined corners with precision
• Maintain structural integrity by protecting stitching lines
• Transform facings into invisible, professional details

Always perform clipping and notching before turning fabric right side out. Then press the seams open gently using a pressing cloth, protecting delicate fibers while defining edges.

This methodical approach delivers polished results that distinguish quality garments.

Corner Notching Best Practices

Mastering corner notching transforms how your facings perform at stress points where fabric naturally wants to bunch.

You’ll make small triangular cuts into the seam allowance close to your stitching line, taking care not to penetrate the seam itself. This technique proves especially critical when you finish the outer edges of neckline and armhole facings.

You should notch at outer corners and clip at inner curves using frequent, shallow cuts spaced at intervals along the seam allowance.

This strategic reduction of bulk allows fabric to lay completely flat without distortion or puckering. On delicate fabrics, exercise particular caution to prevent fraying and preserve edge integrity.

Proper notching and clipping techniques directly determine whether your facings create smooth, professional-looking garment edges or reveal unsightly lumps and wrinkles.

Why Understitching Prevents Rolled Edges

When you’re finishing a garment’s neckline or armhole, the facing naturally wants to roll outward toward the visible side of the fabric—a problem that understitching elegantly solves. By sewing the facing to the seam allowances approximately 1/8 inch below the facing edge, you anchor these layers together, preventing outward rolling. This technique guarantees your clean finish remains pristine.

Understitching delivers:

• Professional-looking necklines that frame your face without visible imperfections
• Armholes that maintain their intended shape throughout wearing and washing
• A polished garment interior that reflects quality craftsmanship
• Elimination of frustrating fabric edges that catch and distract
• Confidence that your handmade piece rivals store-bought garments

This strategic stitching line guides the facing inward permanently, locking it against the seam allowances.

You’ll achieve garment stability while keeping raw edges completely hidden from view.

Turn Facings to the Inside

After you’ve stitched the facing to your garment, you’ll trim the seam allowances to reduce bulk—a critical step that guarantees a smooth, professional finish when you turn the facing inward. Next, use clipping or notching techniques along curved edges to prevent puckering when the facing folds inside. Gently roll the seamline toward the garment’s interior, positioning the facing edge just beyond the original seam for a crisp, invisible line.

Finally, press your facing using appropriate temperature settings for your fabric, ensuring a flat, professional result without distorting the edge of the garment.

Press Facings for a Crisp, Polished Look

With your facing turned and secured in place, pressing becomes the final step that transforms your seam work into a polished, professional finish.

Proper pressing technique guarantees your facings lay flat and smooth against the garment. Press from the inside first to shape them correctly, then from the outside to avoid disturbing the fabric surface. Use a pressing cloth with delicate materials to prevent scorching and maintain integrity.

Press facings from the inside first, then outside, using a cloth to protect delicate materials and ensure a smooth, professional finish.

Key pressing priorities:

• Grade seam allowances to reduce bulk at necklines and armholes
• Press curves carefully for smooth, even finishes
• Apply consistent heat and pressure throughout
• Work systematically to avoid wrinkles and creases
• Regular pressing after each construction stage enhances crispness

This methodical approach delivers the professional appearance your garment deserves, creating crisp edges and refined details that distinguish quality craftsmanship.

Fix Rolled or Puckered Edges

You’ll prevent rolled edges by understitching close to the original seam line, securing the facing firmly in place.

You must trim your seam allowances to varying widths—a technique called grading—to reduce bulk that causes distortion.

Finally, you’ll press from the facing side first, then the right side, establishing crisp edges that resist puckering.

Understitch to Prevent Rolling

Understitching secures the facing to the seam allowance approximately 1/8 inch from the seam line, preventing the facing from rolling outward and ensuring it stays hidden beneath the main fabric. This technique transforms your neckline and armhole finishes from amateur to polished.

To master understitching:

• Use a presser foot that enables precise control and consistent distance maintenance
• Press edges thoroughly before and after understitching to eliminate puckering
• Practice regularly to develop muscle memory and improve accuracy
• Position your facing correctly to avoid catching the main fabric
• Maintain steady, even tension throughout the entire seam

Proper understitching creates crisp, professional edges that remain secure through repeated wear and washing.

Your garments will display the refined construction quality that distinguishes handmade pieces.

Proper Seam Allowance Trimming

After you’ve secured the facing with understitching, the next step toward eliminating rolled or puckered edges involves strategic seam allowance trimming.

You’ll grade the seam allowances to different widths, which reduces bulk and prevents puckering. Trim the facing-side seam allowance slightly wider than the garment side, encouraging the facing to roll inward naturally.

For curved seams, clip inward curves perpendicular to the stitching line, allowing fabric to lay flat without rolling. This technique’s critical for maintaining shape along the edge.

After trimming, press the seam allowance thoroughly. Regular pressing considerably enhances the finished appearance, keeping edges flat and ensuring a professional result without visible puckering or distortion.

Final Pressing Techniques Matter

Proper pressing is the final critical step that transforms graded seams into a polished, professional edge. You’ll achieve the crispest results by implementing these essential techniques:

• Press facings from the inside first to shape curves before turning them outward
• Use a pressing cloth to protect delicate fabrics from scorching and shine marks
• Roll the seamline slightly toward the faced side for razor-sharp edges
• Maintain consistent pressing throughout your project for uniform quality
• Ascertain facing lies completely flat against your garment without puckering

During your final press, you’ll notice how graded seams reduce bulk considerably. A pressing cloth becomes indispensable when working with sensitive materials.

Rolling that seamline while pressing prevents the facing from shifting. Consistent pressing throughout your construction process eliminates frustration at the end. These techniques guarantee that your garment’s edges display professional craftsmanship.

Serge Facing Edges for a Lightweight Finish

When you’re working with lightweight fabrics, serging the outer edges of your facing delivers a clean, professional finish that prevents fraying while maintaining the garment’s delicate quality.

You’ll use a three- or four-thread overlock stitch to create this neat edge treatment efficiently.

Before you begin, you must adjust your serger’s tension and stitch length properly to achieve consistent results. These settings guarantee even stitching across all facing edges without puckering or distortion.

Serging suits both lightweight and heavyweight fabrics, making it a versatile finishing option for various garment types.

This technique proves particularly effective for unlined garments where durability matters.

Create a Hong Kong Finish for Special Occasions

For garments destined for special occasions, you’ll want to elevate your facing treatment beyond basic serging to achieve a more refined aesthetic. A Hong Kong finish delivers exactly this sophistication through an elegant edge treatment.

Elevate your facing treatment with a Hong Kong finish—the sophisticated edge solution for special occasion garments that deserve refined aesthetics.

You’ll need:

• 3/4-inch to 1-inch bias strips of lightweight silk charmeuse
• Matching fabric for seamless visual integration
• A 1/4-inch seam allowance for precise construction
• Ditch stitching technique for invisible securing
• Attention to detail that transforms your garment

Begin by sewing the bias strip to your facing’s outer edge using a 1/4-inch seam allowance. Wrap the free edge to the garment’s wrong side and pin strategically.

Finally, stitch in the ditch from the right side to secure the edge treatment permanently. This Hong Kong finish creates an unlined garment with impeccable interior aesthetics, ideal for jackets and coats showcased on special occasions.

Bind Facing Edges With Bias Tape

Transform your facing edges into polished, durable seams by binding them with bias tape. Cut your bias tape to match the facing edge length, ensuring fabric coordination for visual cohesion.

Apply a zigzag stitch along the seam allowance to prevent fraying and guarantee professional results. When working with curves, clip the bias tape at intervals so it conforms properly to the facing shape, eliminating puckering. This binding technique delivers both durability and refined aesthetics to your garment construction.

Sew All-in-One Facings for Sleeveless Garments

All-in-one facings streamline the finishing process for sleeveless garments by combining neckline and armhole treatments into a single pattern piece.

You’ll trace your bodice front along both edges, measuring down 2 inches from the armscye and 3.5 inches from the center front neckline to establish your facing width.

When you attach the facing, you’ll:

• Align and sew side seams first, leaving center back and shoulder seams unstitched
• Apply staystitching at ¼ inch from raw edges to prevent stretching
• Secure the facing to your garment with precision
• Finish all edges for a professional appearance
• Press seams flat for a polished result

This integrated approach eliminates bulk while delivering the clean, supportive edge your sleeveless design deserves.

Final Checks: How Your Facing Should Look When Worn

How can you tell if your facing’s been applied correctly? When you wear your garment, your facing should lie flat against your body without visible bulges or rolling edges. Your neckline and armholes should feel stable and comfortably structured, never sagging or gaping.

The facing itself remains invisible from the outside, providing a clean edge that enhances your garment’s aesthetics. Properly pressed facings maintain their form against the interior, contributing to a professional appearance.

Check that understitching has secured the facing to the seam allowances, preventing raw edges from peeking through. Your silhouette should appear smooth and polished.

These final checks confirm your facing work meets professional standards and your garment’s construction is complete.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to Get Clean Edges When Sewing?

You’ll achieve clean edges by using a serger or zigzag stitch to finish raw edges, clipping curved seams, understitching facings close to seam lines, and pressing thoroughly from the facing side for crisp results.

What Fabric to Use for Facing?

You’ll want to select lightweight or slightly heavier fabric than your garment. Choose interfacing, matching fabric, or lighter alternatives. Ascertain similar care requirements and consider bias-cut options for flexibility without puckering.

Do Facings Need Seam Allowance?

You’ll need to include seam allowance—typically 1/4 inch—on your facings. This allows you to attach them securely to garment edges and guarantees they lay flat when turned inside without excess bulk or tension.

What Are the Steps for Sewing a Clean Finish?

As they say, “measure twice, cut once.” You’ll align facing raw edges to your garment, stitch securely, grade seam allowances, understitch the facing seams, then press facings inward for a crisp finish.

Conclusion

You’ve mastered shaped, bias, and all-in-one facings—so what separates a professional garment from an amateur one? It’s the finishing details. Your facing shouldn’t pucker, roll, or show from the right side. Press it firmly toward the inside, understitch if needed, and topstitch for durability. Check that your neckline lies flat and armholes don’t bind. When you’ve perfected these techniques, you’ve achieved the polished, clean finish that distinguishes handmade garments.